UN-R113/03 (Rev.4)

4 Tests for stability of photometric performance of headlamps in operation - Tests on complete Classes B, C, D and E headlamps

This Regulation applies to headlamps for vehicles of categories L and T[3]

References made in this Regulation to standard (étalon) filament lamp(s) and to Regulation No. 37 shall refer to Regulation No. 37 and its series of amendments in force at the time of application for type approval.

References made in this Regulation to standard (étalon) gas discharge light sources(s) and to Regulation No. 99 shall refer to Regulation No. 99 and its series of amendments in force at the time of application for type approval.

Whether it concerns a Class A or B or C or D or E headlamp;

The category of the filament lamp(s) used, as listed in Regulation No. 37 and its series of amendments in force at the time of application for type approval, if any.

(c) In the case of additional lighting unit(s), the geometrical conditions of installation of the device(s) that meet the requirements of paragraph 6.2.8.

For Class B, or C, or D or E headlamps only, for the test of plastic material of which the lenses are made:

For Class B or C or D or E, fourteen lenses;

For Class B, C, D or E ten of these lenses may be replaced by ten samples of material at least 60 x 80 mm in size, having a flat or convex outer surface and a substantially flat area (radius of curvature not less than 300 mm) in the middle measuring at least 15 x 15 mm;

For headlamps equipped with light sources according to Regulation No. 99 or equipped with LED modules only, for testing the UV-resistance of light transmitting components made of plastic material against UV radiation of the light sources inside the headlamp:

If low-UV-type gas-discharge light sources are being applied as specified in Regulation No. 99, or;

If only low-UV-type LED modules, as specified in Annex 12 of this Regulation , are being applied, or;

They shall comprise, on the lens and on the main body[5], spaces of sufficient size for the approval mark and the additional symbols referred to in paragraph 4.; these spaces shall be indicated on the drawings referred to in paragraph 2.2.1. above.

Class E headlamps may bear on their light-emitting surface a centre of reference as shown in Annex 10.

Class E headlamps shall bear the voltage markings as shown in Annex 11.

This specific identification code shall comprise the starting letters "MD" for "MODULE" followed by the approval marking without the circle as prescribed in paragraph 4.2.1. below and in the case several non identical light source modules are used, followed by additional symbols or characters. This specific identification code shall be shown in the drawings mentioned in paragraph 2.2.1. above. The approval marking does not have to be the same as the one on the lamp in which the module is used, but both markings shall be from the same applicant.

If all the samples of a type of headlamp submitted pursuant to paragraph 2. above satisfy the provisions of this Regulation, approval shall be granted.

Notice of approval or of extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval or production definitively discontinued of a type of headlamp pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation, by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

In addition to the mark prescribed in paragraph 3.1., an approval mark as described in paragraphs 4.2. and 4.3. below shall be affixed in the spaces referred to in paragraph 3.2. above to every headlamp conforming to a type approved under this Regulation.

A circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval[6];

On headlamps meeting the requirements of this Regulation in respect of the passing beam only, the letters "C-AS" for Class A headlamps or "C-BS" for Class B headlamps or "WC-CS" for Class C headlamp or "WC-DS" for Class D headlamp or "WC-ES" for Class E headlamps;

On headlamps meeting the requirements of this Regulation in respect of the driving beam only, "R-BS" for Class B headlamps or "WR-CS" for Class C headlamp or "WR-DS" for Class D headlamp or "WR-ES" for Class E headlamps;

On headlamps meeting the requirements of this Regulation in respect of both the passing beam and the driving beam, the letters "CR-BS" for Class B headlamps or "WCR-CS" for Class C headlamp or "WCR-DS" for Class D headlamp or "WCR-ES" for Class E headlamps;

On headlamps incorporating a lens of plastic material, the group of letters "PL" to be affixed near the symbols prescribed in paragraphs 4.2.1. and 4.2.2. above.

On headlamps, other than Class A, meeting the requirements of this Regulation in respect of the driving beam, an indication of the maximum luminous intensity expressed by a reference mark, as defined in paragraph 6.3.4. below, placed near the circle surrounding the letter "E";

In every case the relevant operating mode used during the test procedure according to paragraph 1.1.1.1. of Annex 4 and the permitted voltage(s) according to paragraph 1.1.1.2. of Annex 4 shall be stipulated on the approval forms and on the communication forms transmitted to the countries which are Contracting Parties to the Agreement and which apply this Regulation.

The two digits of the approval number which indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments made to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval and the arrow defined in paragraph 4.2.2.1. may be marked close to the above additional symbols.

The marks and symbols referred to in paragraphs 4.2.1. to 4.2.3. above shall be clearly legible and be indelible. They may be placed on an inner or outer part (transparent or not) of the headlamp, which cannot be separated from the transparent part of the headlamp emitting the light. In any case they shall be visible when the headlamp is fitted on the vehicle or when a movable part is opened.

Annex 2, Figures 1 to 15 to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of the approval mark with the above-mentioned additional symbols.

Annex 2, Figure 13, to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of approval marks for grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps with all the above mentioned additional symbols.

The provisions laid down in paragraph 4.3.2. above are applicable.

In addition, where the same lens is used, the latter may bear the different approval marks relating to the different types of headlamps or units of lamps, provided that the main body of the headlamp, even if it cannot be separated from the lens, also comprises the space described in paragraph 3.2. above and bears the approval marks of the actual functions. If different types of headlamps comprise the same main body, the latter may bear the different approval marks.

Annex 2, Figure 14, to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of approval marks relating to the above case.

Each sample shall conform to the specifications set forth in paragraphs 6. to 8. below.

However, these provisions shall not apply to headlamp assemblies whose reflectors are indivisible. For this type of assembly the requirements of paragraph 6.3. of this Regulation apply.

Any Regulation No. 37 filament lamp may be used, provided that:

The design of the device shall be such that the filament lamp can be fixed in no other position but the correct one[8].

The filament lamp holder shall conform to the characteristics given in IEC Publication 60061. The holder data sheet relevant to the category of filament lamp used, applies.

The headlamp and the LED module(s) themselves shall comply with the relevant requirements specified in Annex 12 of this Regulation. The compliance with the requirements shall be tested.

The total objective luminous flux of all LED modules producing the principal passing-beam shall be measured as described in paragraph 5. of Annex 12. The following minimum and maximum limits shall apply:

In the case of a replaceable LED module, the removal and replacement of this LED module, as described in Annex 12, paragraph 1.4.1., shall be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Technical Service.

In the case of replaceable gas-discharge light sources the lamp holder shall conform to the dimensional characteristics as given on the data sheet of IEC Publication 60061-2, relevant to the category of gas-discharge light source used. The gas-discharge light source shall fit easily into the headlamp.

The headlamp and the LED module(s) themselves shall comply with the relevant requirements specified in Annex 12 to this Regulation. The compliance with the requirements shall be tested.

The total objective luminous flux of all LED modules producing the principal passing beam shall be measured as described in paragraph 5. of Annex 12. The following minimum limit shall apply:

In addition, Class B or C or D or E headlamps shall be complementary tested according to the requirements of Annex 4 to ensure that in use there is no excessive change in photometric performance.

If the lens of a Class B, C, D or E headlamp is of plastic material, tests shall be done according to the requirements of Annex 6.

For Class E, the headlamp and ballast system shall not generate radiated or power line disturbances to cause a malfunction of other electric/electronic systems of the vehicle[9].

The definitions in paragraphs 2.7.1.1.3. and 2.7.1.1.7., in Regulation No. 48 allow the use of LED module, which may contain holders for other light sources. Notwithstanding this provision a mixture of LED(s) and other light sources for the passing beam or each driving beam, as specified by this Regulation is not allowed.

(b) So designed that regardless of the use of tool(s), it is not mechanically interchangeable with any replaceable approved light source.

The luminous intensity produced by the headlamp shall be measured at 25 m distance by means of a photoelectric cell having a useful area comprised within a square of 65 mm side. The point HV is the centre-point of the coordinate system with a vertical polar axis. Line H is the horizontal through HV (see Annex 3 of this Regulation).

Apart from (an) LED module(s), the headlamps shall be checked by means of an uncoloured standard (étalon) filament lamp designed for a rated voltage of 12 V. During the checking of the headlamp, the voltage at the terminals of the filament lamp shall be regulated so as to obtain the reference luminous flux at 13.2 V as indicated at the relevant data sheet of Regulation No. 37.

In order to protect the standard (étalon) filament lamp during the process of photometric measurement it is permissible to carry out the measurements at a luminous flux that differs from the reference luminous flux at 13.2 V. If the test laboratory chooses to carry out measurements in such a manner the luminous intensity shall be corrected by multiplying the measured value by the individual factor F_lamp of the standard (étalon) filament lamp in order to verify the compliance with the photometric requirements where:

Depending on the number of filament lamps for which the headlamp is designed, it shall be considered acceptable if it meets the requirements of paragraph 6 with the same number of standard (étalon) filament lamp(s), which may be submitted with the headlamp.

LED module(s) shall be measured at 6.3 V or 13.2 V respectively, if not otherwise specified within this Regulation. LED module(s) operated by an electronic light source control gear, shall be measured as specified by the applicant.

For Class E with (a) gas-discharge light source(s) according to Regulation No. 99

The headlamp shall be deemed satisfactory if the photometric requirements set in the present paragraph 6. are met with one light source, which has been aged during at least 15 cycles, in accordance with Annex 4, paragraph 4. of Regulation No. 99.

Where the gas-discharge light source is approved according to Regulation No. 99 it shall be a standard (étalon) light-source and its luminous flux may differ from the objective luminous flux specified in Regulation No. 99. In this case, the illuminances shall be corrected accordingly.

Where the gas-discharge light source is not approved according to Regulation No. 99 it shall be a production non-replaceable light source.

The voltage applied to the terminals of the ballast(s) is: either: 13.2 V ± 0.1 V for 12 V systems or: as otherwise specified (see Annex 11).

The dimensions determining the position of the arc inside the standard gas-discharge light source are shown in the relevant data sheet of Regulation No. 99.

Four seconds after ignition of a headlamp which has not been operated for 30 minutes or more, at least 37,500 cd must be reached at point HV of a driving beam and 3,750 cd at point 2 (0.86D-V) of a passing beam for headlamps incorporating driving beam and passing beam functions, or 3,750 cd at point 2(0.86D-V) for headlamps having only a passing beam function. The power supply shall be sufficient to secure the quick rise of the high current pulse.

LED module(s) shall be measured at 6.3 V or 13.2 V respectively, if not otherwise specified within this Regulation. LED module(s) operated by an electronic light source control gear, shall be measured as specified by the applicant.

For a correct aiming the principal passing beam shall produce a sufficiently sharp "cut-off" to permit a satisfactory visual adjustment with its aid as indicated in paragraph 6.2.2 below. The aiming shall be carried out using a flat vertical screen set up at a distance of 10 or 25 m forward of the headlamp and at right angles to the H-V. The screen shall be sufficiently wide to allow examination and adjustment of the "cut-off" of the passing beam over at least 3° on either side of the V-V line. The "cut-off" shall be substantially horizontal and shall be as straight as possible from at least 3° L to 3° R. In case the visual aim leads to problems or ambiguous positions, the instrumental method as specified in Annex 9, paragraphs 2. and 4., shall be applied and the quality or rather the sharpness of the "cut-off" and the linearity shall be checked on performance.

For vertical adjustment: the horizontal part of the "cut-off" line is adjusted to its nominal position (0.57 degree) below the H-H line.

If, however, vertical adjustment cannot be performed repeatedly to the required position within the allowed tolerances, the instrumental method of Annex 9, paragraphs 4. and 5. shall be applied to test compliance with the required minimum quality of the "cut-off" line and to perform the beam vertical adjustment.

When so aimed, the headlamp must, if its approval is sought solely for provision of a passing beam[10], comply with the requirements set out in paragraphs 6.2.5. to 6.2.6. below ; if it is intended to provide both a passing beam and a driving beam, it shall comply with the requirements set out in paragraphs 6.2.5., 6.2.6. and 6.3.

Where a headlamp so aimed does not meet the requirements set out in paragraphs 6.2.5., 6.2.6. and 6.3., its alignment may be changed, except for headlamps that have no mechanism to adjust horizontal aim, on condition that the axis of the beam is not displaced laterally by more than 0.5 degree to the right or left and vertically by not more than 0.25 degree up or down. To facilitate alignment by means of the "cut-off", the headlamp may be partially occulted in order to sharpen the "cut-off". However, the "cut-off" should not extend beyond the line H-H.

For Class E headlamps the voltage applied to the terminals of the ballast(s) is either 13.2 V ± 0.1 V for 12 V systems or as otherwise specified (see Annex 11).

UN ECE type approval at reference luminous flux according to Regulation No. 37.

Vertical: 1 per cent D (0.57° D) Horizontal: 0°

Vertical: 0.3°D to 0.8°D; Horizontal: ± 0.5°D L-R

(a) Left bank (when the motorcycle is rotated to the left about its longitudinal axis) the luminous intensity values shall not exceed 900 cd in the zone extending from HH to 15 degrees above HH and from VV to 10 degrees left.

(b) Right bank (when the motorcycle is rotated to the right about its longitudinal axis) the luminous intensity values shall not exceed 900 cd in the zone extending from HH to 15 degrees above HH and from VV to 10 degrees right.

In the case of a headlamp designed to provide a driving beam and a passing beam, measurements of the luminous intensity of the driving beam shall be taken with the same headlamp alignment as applied to the condition of paragraph 6.2. above; in the case of a headlamp providing a driving beam only, it shall be so adjusted that the area of maximum luminous intensity (IM) is centred on the point of intersection of lines H-H and V-V; such a headlamp need only meet the requirements referred to in paragraph 6.3.

(a) One or more filament light sources listed in Regulation No. 37 (Classes A, B, C D);

Except for Class A headlamps the luminous intensity produced by the driving beam shall either conform to the requirements of paragraph 6.3.3.1. (primary driving beam) or paragraph 6.3.3.2. (secondary driving beam).

A secondary driving beam according to the requirements of paragraph 6.3.3.2. can only be approved in the case where the driving beam is operated together with a passing beam or a primary driving beam. This shall be clearly indicated in the communication form of Annex 1, under item 9.1.

The reference mark (I'_M) of the maximum luminous intensity (I_M), referred to in paragraphs 4.2.2.6. and 6.3.3.1. or 6.3.3.2. shall be obtained by the ratio:

In the case of headlamps with an adjustable reflector, additional tests shall be made after the reflector has been moved vertically ± 2° or at least into the maximum position, if less than 2°, from its initial position by means of the headlamp adjusting device.  The whole headlamp shall then be re-positioned (for example by means of the goniometer) by moving it through the same number of degrees in the opposite direction to the movement of the reflector.  The following measurements shall be made and the points shall be within the required limits:

The screen illumination values mentioned in paragraphs 6.2. and 6.3. above shall be measured by means of a photoreceptor, the effective area of which shall be contained within a square of 65 mm side.

Confirmation or refusal of approval, specifying the alterations, shall be communicated by the procedure specified in paragraph 4.1.4. above to the Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation.

The competent authority issuing the extension of approval shall assign a series number to each communication form drawn up for such an extension and inform thereof the other Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

The conformity of production procedures shall comply with those set out in the Agreement, Appendix 2 (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.2) with the following requirements:

The minimum requirements for conformity of production control procedures set forth in Annex 5 to this Regulation shall be complied with.

The minimum requirements for sampling by an inspector set forth in Annex 7 to this Regulation shall be complied with.

If a Contracting Party to the Agreement applying this Regulation withdraws an approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith so notify the other Contracting Parties applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a type of headlamp approved in accordance with this Regulation, he shall so inform the authority which granted the approval. Upon receiving the relevant communication, that authority shall inform thereof the other Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 1 to this Regulation.

Number and specific identification code(s) of electronic light source control gear(s), if any: .................

The headlamp bearing one of the above approval marks has been approved in the Netherlands (E 4) pursuant to Regulation No. 113 under approval number 243, meeting the requirements of this Regulation as amended by the 01 series of amendments. The letters C-AS (Figure 1) indicate that it concerns a Class A passing beam headlamp and the letters CR-BS (Figure 2) indicate that it concerns a Class B passing and driving beam headlamp.

A front position lamp approved in accordance with Regulation No. 50 in its original form (00),

A headlamp, Class D, with a passing beam and a driving beam with a maximum intensity comprised between 123,625 and 145,125 candelas (as indicated by the number 30), approved in accordance with the requirements of this Regulation as amended by the 01 series of amendments and incorporating a lens of plastic material,

A Class B front fog lamp approved in accordance with the 03 series of amendments to Regulation No. 19 and incorporating a lens of plastic material,

A front direction indicator lamp of Category 11 approved in accordance with the 00 series of amendments to Regulation No. 50.

Either a headlamp, Class D, with a passing and a driving beam with a maximum luminous intensity comprised between 123,625 and 145,125 (as indicated by the number 30), approved in Germany (E1) in accordance with the requirements of this Regulation as amended by the 01 series of amendments, which is reciprocally incorporated with a front position lamp approved in accordance with Regulation No. 50 in its original form (00);

A headlamp, Class C, with a passing beam and a driving beam with a maximum luminous intensity comprised between 48,375 and 64,500 candelas (as indicated by the number 12.5), approved in Germany (E1) in accordance with the requirements of this Regulation as amended by the 01 series of amendments, which is reciprocally incorporated with the same front position lamp as above.

The LED module bearing the light source module identification code shown above has been approved together with a headlamp initially approved in Italy (E3) under approval number 17325.

Once the photometric values have been measured according to the prescriptions of this Regulation, in the point for I_max for driving-beam and in points 0.50U/1.5L and 0.50U/1.5R , 50R, 50L for Class B passing-beam and in points 0.86D-3.5R, 0.86D-3.5L, 0.50U-1.5L and 0.50U-1.5R for Classes C, D and E, for passing-beam a complete headlamp sample shall be tested for stability of photometric performance in operation. "Complete headlamp" shall be understood to mean the complete lamp itself, including those surrounding body parts, filament lamps, gas discharge light sources or LED module(s) which could influence its thermal dissipation.

(a) In a dry and still atmosphere at an ambient temperature of 23 °C ± 5 °C, the test sample being mounted on a base representing the correct installation on the vehicle;

(b) In case of replaceable light sources: using mass production filament light sources, which have been aged for at least one hour, or mass production gas-discharge light sources, which have been aged for at least 15 hours or mass production LED modules which have been aged for at least 48 hours and cooled down to ambient temperature before starting the tests as specified in this Regulation. The LED modules supplied by the applicant shall be used.

The headlamp shall be operated for 12 hours as described in paragraph 1.1.1. and checked as prescribed in paragraph 1.1.2.

For the test schedule see Annex 8 to this Regulation.

(ii) If the applicant declares that the headlamp is to be used with only the passing beam lit or only the driving beam(s) lit[3] at a time, the test shall be carried out in accordance with this condition, activating[2] successively the passing beam half of the time and the driving beam(s) (simultaneously) for half the time specified in paragraph 1.1. above.

(ii) If the applicant declares that the headlamp is to be used with only the front fog lamp lit or only the driving beam(s) lit[3] at a time, the test shall be carried out in accordance with this condition, activating[2] successively the front fog lamp half of the time and the driving beam(s) (simultaneously) for half the time specified in paragraph 1.1. above.

(ii) If the applicant declares that the headlamp is to be used with only the passing beam lit or only the driving beam(s)[3] lit at a time, the test shall be carried out in accordance with this condition, activating[2] successively the passing beam half of the time and the driving beam(s) for half the time specified in paragraph 1.1. above, while the front fog lamp is subjected to a cycle of 15 minutes off and 5 minutes lit for half of the time and during the operation of the driving beam;

(iii) If the applicant declares that the headlamp is to be used with only the passing beam lit or only the front fog lamp[3] lit at a time, the test shall be carried out in accordance with this condition, activating[2] successively the passing beam half of the time and the front fog lamp for half of the time specified in paragraph 1.1. above, while the driving beam(s) is(are) subjected to a cycle of 15 minutes off and 5 minutes lit for half of the time and during the operation of the passing beam;

(iv) If the applicant declares that the headlamp is to be used with only the passing beam lit or only the driving beam(s)[3] lit or only the front fog lamp[3] lit at a time, the test shall be carried out in accordance with this condition, activating[2] successively the passing beam one third of the time, the driving beam(s) one third of the time and the front fog lamp for one third of the time specified in paragraph 1.1. above.

(a) In case of replaceable filament light source(s) operated directly under vehicle voltage system conditions: the test shall be performed at 6.3 V, 13.2 V or 28.0 V as applicable except if the applicant specifies that the test sample may be used at a different voltage. In this case, the test shall be carried out with the filament light source operated at the highest voltage that can be used.

(b) In case of replaceable gas discharge light source(s): The test voltage for the electronic light source control-gear or the light source in case the ballast is integrated with the light source, is 13.2 ± 0.1 volts for 12 V vehicle voltage systems, or otherwise specified in the application for approval.

(c) In the case of non-replaceable light sources operated directly under vehicle voltage system conditions: all measurements on lighting units equipped with non-replaceable light sources (filament light sources and/or others) shall be made at 6.3 V, 13.2 V or 28.0 V or at other voltages according to the vehicle voltage system as specified by the applicant respectively.

(e) LED module(s) shall be measured at 6.75 V, 13.2 V or 28.0 V respectively, if not otherwise specified within this Regulation. LED module(s) operated by an electronic light source control gear, shall be measured as specified by the applicant.

(f) Where signalling lamps are grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated into the test sample and operating at voltages other than the nominal rated voltages of 6 V, 12 V or 24 V respectively, the voltage shall be adjusted as declared by the manufacturer for the correct photometric functioning of that lamp.

Another aiming may be carried out to allow for any deformation of the headlamp base due to heat (the change of the position of the "cut-off" line is covered in paragraph 2. of this annex).

Except for points 0.50U/1.5L and 0.50U/1.5R, a 10 per cent discrepancy between the photometric characteristics and the values measured prior to the test is permissible including the tolerances of the photometric procedure. The value measured at points 0.50U/1.5L and 0.50U/1.5R shall not exceed the photometric value measured prior to the test by more than 255 cd.

After being tested as specified in paragraph 1.1. above, the headlamp shall be operated for one hour as described in paragraph 1.1.1., after being prepared as prescribed in paragraph 1.2.1., and checked as prescribed in paragraph 1.1.2.

An appropriate quantity of distilled water, with a conductivity of ≤ 1  μ S/m.

NaCMC represents the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, customarily referred to as CMC.  The NaCMC used in the dirt mixture shall have a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.6   0.7 and a viscosity of 0.2 – 0.3 Pa · s for a 2 per cent solution at 20 °C.

(f) 2 ± 1 parts by weight of surface-actant [4] [maybe editorial mistake, footnote should be 5, not 4].

The mixture must not be more than 14 days old.

This procedure shall be repeated until the illumination value has dropped to 15-20 per cent of the values measured for each of the following points under the conditions described in this annex:

The headlamp tested in accordance with paragraph 1., shall be subjected to the test described in paragraph 2.1., without being removed from or readjusted in relation to its test fixture.

The test shall be carried out in a dry and still atmosphere at an ambient temperature of 23°C ± 5°C.

Using a mass production filament lamp(s) which has been aged for at least one hour or a mass production gas-discharge light source which has been aged for at least 15 hours or the LED module(s) as submitted with the headlamps, which has (have) been aged for at least 48 hours, the headlamp shall be operated on passing beam without being dismounted from or readjusted in relation to its test fixture. (For the purpose of this test, the voltage shall be adjusted as specified in paragraph 1.1.1.2.). The position of the "cut-off" line in its horizontal part (between the vertical lines passing through point 50 L and 50 R for Class B headlamp, 3.5 L and 3.5 R for Classes C, D and E headlamp) shall be verified 3 minutes (r₃) and 60 minutes (r₆₀) respectively after operation.

The result in milliradians (mrad) shall be considered as acceptable for a headlamp producing a passing beam, only when the absolute value Δr_I = | r₃ - r₆₀ | recorded on the headlamp is not more than 1.0 mrad (Δr_I ≤ 1.0 mrad) upwards and not more than 2.0mrad (Δr_I ≤ 2.0 mrad) downwards.

For Class A headlamps, no measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 per cent from the value prescribed in this Regulation.

No measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 per cent from the value prescribed in this Regulation. For values in zone 1 for Classes B, C and D headlamps, the maximum unfavourable deviation may be respectively:

And if, for the driving beam, a tolerance of +20 per cent for maximum values and -20 per cent for minimum values is observed for the photometric values at any measuring point specified in paragraphs 6.3.3.1. or 6.3.3.2. this Regulation.

If the results of the tests described above do not meet the requirements, the alignment of the headlamp may be changed, provided that the axis of the beam is not displaced laterally by more than 0.5 degree to the right or left and not by more than  0.2 degree up or down.

For Class E headlamps measured at 13.2 V ± 0.1 V, or as otherwise specified, and equipped with:

(a) A removable standard gas-discharge light source according to Regulation No. 99. In this case the luminous flux of this gas-discharge light source may differ from the reference luminous flux specified in Regulation No. 99 and the illuminances shall be corrected accordingly;

(b) A serial production gas-discharge light source and a serial ballast. In this case the luminous flux of this light source may deviate from the nominal luminous flux due to light source and ballast tolerances as specified in Regulation No. 99 and accordingly the measured illuminances may be corrected by 20 per cent in the favourable direction;

No measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 per cent from the value prescribed in this Regulation. For values in zone 1, the maximum unfavourable deviation may be respectively:

And if, for the driving beam a tolerance of +20 per cent for maximum values and -20 per cent for minimum values is observed for the photometric values at any measuring point specified in paragraphs 6.3.3.1. or 6.3.3.2. of this Regulation.

If the results of the tests described above do not meet the requirements, the alignment of the headlamp may be changed, provided that the axis of the beam is not displaced laterally by more than 0.5 degree to the right or left and not by more than 0.2 degree up or down.

If the results of the tests described above do not meet the requirements, tests on the headlamp shall be repeated using another standard gas-discharge light source, gas-discharge light source and/or ballast, or LED module and electronic light source control gear, whichever is applicable according to paragraph 1.3.1. above.

If, however, for a series of samples vertical adjustment cannot be performed repeatedly to the required position within the allowed tolerances, the quality of "cut-off" shall be tested on one of the headlamps from the series of samples, according to the procedure described in Annex 9, paragraphs 2. and 4.

The application of paragraphs 2.2.1. and 2.2.2. requires regular calibration of test apparatus and its correlation with measurement made by a competent authority.

The manufacturer is responsible for carrying out a statistical study of the test results and for defining, in agreement with the competent authority, criteria governing acceptability of his products in order to meet the specification laid down for verification of conformity of products in paragraph 9.1. of this Regulation.

The criteria governing acceptability shall be such that, with a confidence level of 95 per cent, the minimum probability of passing a spot check in accordance with Annex 7 (first sampling) would be 0.95.

The samples supplied pursuant to paragraph 2.2.4. of this Regulation shall satisfy the specifications indicated in paragraphs 2.1. to 2.5. below.

The two samples of complete lamps supplied pursuant to paragraph 2.2.3. of this Regulation and incorporating lenses of plastic material shall, with regard to the lens material, satisfy the specifications indicated in paragraph 2.6. below.

The samples of lenses of plastic material or samples of material shall be subjected, with the reflector to which they are intended to be fitted (where applicable), to approval tests in the chronological order indicated in table A reproduced in Appendix 1 to this annex.

However, if the lamp manufacturer can prove that the product has already passed the tests prescribed in paragraphs 2.1. to 2.5. below, or the equivalent tests pursuant to another Regulation, those tests need not be repeated; only the tests prescribed in Appendix 1, table B, shall be mandatory.

Three new samples (lenses) shall be subjected to five cycles of temperature and humidity (RH = relative humidity) change in accordance with the following programme:
(a)    3 hours at 40 °C ± 2 °C and 85-95 per cent RH;
(b)    1 hour at 23 °C ± 5 °C and 60-75 per cent RH;
(c)    15 hours at –30 °C ± 2 °C;
(d)    1 hour at 23 °C ± 5 °C and 60-75 per cent RH;
(e)    3 hours at 80 °C ± 2 °C;
(f)    1 hour at 23 °C ± 5 °C and 60-75 per cent RH;
Before this test, the samples shall be kept at 23 °C ± 5 °C and 60-75 per cent RH for at least four hours.
Note:    The periods of one hour at 23 °C ± 5 °C shall include the periods of transition from one temperature to another which are needed in order to avoid thermal shock effects.
 

These measurements shall be made using a standard (étalon) lamp, a standard gas-discharge light source or (an) LED module(s) as present in the headlamp, at the following points:

B 50, 50L and 50R for Class B headlamp, 0.86D/3.5R, 0.86D/3.5L, 0.50U/1.5L and 1.5R for Classes C, D and E headlamp for the passing beam or a passing/driving lamp;

The variation between the photometric values measured on each sample before and after the test shall not exceed 10 per cent including the tolerances of the photometric procedure.

Three new samples (lenses or samples of material) shall be exposed to radiation from a source having a spectral energy distribution similar to that of a black body at a temperature between 5,500 K and 6,000 K.  Appropriate filters shall be placed between the source and the samples so as to reduce as far as possible radiations with wave lengths smaller than 295 nm and greater than 2,500 nm.  The samples shall be exposed to an energetic illumination of 1,200 W/m² ± 200 W/m² for a period such that the luminous energy that they receive is equal to 4,500 MJ/m² ± 200 MJ/m².  Within the enclosure, the temperature measured on the black panel placed on a level with the samples shall be 50 °C ± 5 °C.  In order to ensure a regular exposure, the samples shall revolve around the source of radiation at a speed between 1 and 5 min^-1.

The samples shall be sprayed with distilled water of conductivity lower than 1 mS/m at a temperature of 23 °C ± 5 °C, in accordance with the following cycle:

After the test described in paragraph 2.2.1. above and the measurement described in paragraph 2.2.3.1. below have been carried out, the outer face of the said three samples shall be treated as described in paragraph 2.2.2.2. with the mixture defined in paragraph 2.2.2.1. below.

The test mixture shall be composed of 61.5 per cent n-heptane, 12.5 per cent toluene, 7.5 per cent ethyl tetrachloride, 2.5 per cent trichloroethylene and 6 per cent xylene (volume per cent).

Soak a piece of cotton cloth (as specified in ISO 105) until saturation with the mixture defined in paragraph 2.2.2.1. above and, within 10 seconds, apply it for 10 minutes to the outer face of the sample at a pressure of 50 N/cm2, corresponding to an effort of 100 N applied on a test surface of 14 x 14 mm.

During this 10-minute period, the cloth pad shall be soaked again with the mixture so that the composition of the liquid applied is continuously identical with that of the test mixture prescribed.

At the end of the application of the test mixture, the samples shall be dried in the open air and then washed with the solution described in paragraph 2.3. (resistance to detergents) 23 °C ± 5 °C.
Afterwards the samples shall be carefully rinsed with distilled water containing not more than 0.2 per cent impurities at 23 °C ± 5 °C and then wiped off with a soft cloth.

measured on the three samples according to the procedure described in Appendix 2 to this annex shall not exceed 0.020 (Δt_m < 0.020).

measured on the three samples according to the procedure described in Appendix 2 to this annex shall not exceed 0.020 (Δd_m ≤ 0.020).

The outer face of three samples (lenses or samples of material) shall be heated to 50 °C ± 5 °C and then immersed for five minutes in a mixture maintained at 23 °C ± 5 °C and composed of 99 parts distilled water containing not more than 0.02 per cent impurities and one part alkylaryl sulphonate.

At the end of the test, the samples shall be dried at 50 °C ± 5 °C.

The outer face of these three samples shall then be lightly rubbed for one minute with a cotton cloth soaked in a mixture composed of 70 per cent n-heptane and 30 per cent toluene (volume per cent), and shall then be dried in the open air.

measured on the three samples according to the procedure described in Appendix 2 to this annex shall not exceed 0.010 (Δt_m ≤ 0.010).

The outer face of the three new samples (lenses) shall be subjected to the uniform mechanical deterioration test by the method described in Appendix 3 to this annex.

shall be measured according to the procedure described in Appendix 2 in the area specified in paragraph 2.2.4.1.1. of this Regulation. The mean value of the three samples shall be such that:

A surface of 20 mm x 20 mm in area of the coating of a lens shall be cut with a razor blade or a needle into a grid of squares approximately 2 mm x 2 mm. The pressure on the blade or needle shall be sufficient to cut at least the coating.

Use an adhesive tape with a force adhesion of 2 N/(cm of width) ±20 per cent measured under the standardized conditions specified in Appendix 4 to this annex.  This adhesive tape, which shall be at least 25 mm wide, shall be pressed for at least five minutes to the surface prepared as prescribed in paragraph 2.5.1.

Then the end of the adhesive tape shall be loaded in such a way that the force of adhesion to the surface considered is balanced by a force perpendicular to that surface.  At this stage, the tape shall be torn off at a constant speed of 1.5 m/s ± 0.2 m/s.

There shall be no appreciable impairment of the gridded area. Impairments at the intersections between squares or at the edges of the cuts shall be permitted, provided that the impaired area does not exceed 15 per cent of the gridded surface.

The lens of lamp sample No. 1 shall be subjected to the test described in paragraph 2.4.1. above.

The lens of lamp sample No. 2 shall be subjected to the test described in paragraph 2.5. above.

After the test for resistance to chemical agents and the test for resistance to detergents and hydrocarbons, the outer face of the samples exhibits no cracks, chipping or deformation visible to the naked eye (see paragraphs 2.2.2., 2.3.1. and 2.3.2.);

After the test described in paragraph 2.6.1.1., the photometric values at the points of measurement considered in paragraph 2.6.1.2. are within the limits prescribed for conformity of production by this Regulation.

Tests on plastic materials (lenses or samples of material supplied pursuant to paragraph 2.2.4. of this Regulation).

The beam of a collimator K with a half divergence β/2 = 17.4 x 10⁴ rd is limited by a diaphragm D_τ with an opening of 6 mm against which the sample stand is placed.

A convergent achromatic lens L₂, corrected for spherical aberrations links the diaphragm D_τ with the receiver R; the diameter of the lens L₂ shall be such that it does not diaphragm the light diffused by the sample in a cone with a half top angle of β/2 = 14°.

An annular diaphragm D_D, with angles α_o/2 = 1°  and α_max/2 = 12°  is placed in an image focal plane of the lens L₂ .

The distance L₂ D_τ and the focal length F₂[1] of the lens L₂ shall be so chosen that the image of D_τ completely covers the receiver R.

When the initial incident flux is referred to 1,000 units, the absolute precision of each reading shall be better than 1 unit.

The spray gun used shall be equipped with a nozzle 1.3 mm in diameter allowing a liquid flow rate of 0.24 ± 0.02 l/minute at an operating pressure of 6.0 bars  0/+0.5 bar.

Under these operation conditions the fan pattern obtained shall be 170 mm ± 50 mm in diameter on the surface exposed to deterioration, at a distance of 380 mm ± 10 mm from the nozzle.

Silica sand of hardness 7 on the Mohr scale, with a grain size between 0 and 0.2 mm and an almost normal distribution, with an angular factor of 1.8 to 2;

Water of hardness not exceeding 205 g/m3 for a mixture comprising 25 g of sand per litre of water.

The deterioration shall be checked by means of one or more samples of glass placed as a reference near the lenses to be tested. The mixture shall be sprayed until the variation in the diffusion of light on the sample or samples measured by the method described in Appendix 2, is such that:

Δd=(T₅-T₄)/T₂=0.0250 ± 0.0025

Measurement of the force necessary to unstick an adhesive tape from a glass plate at an angle of 90°.

The ambient conditions shall be at 23 °C ± 5 °C and 65 ± 15 per cent RH.

Before the test, the sample roll of adhesive tape shall be conditioned for 24 hours in the specified atmosphere (see paragraph 3. above).

Five test pieces each 400 mm long shall be tested from each roll. These test pieces shall be taken from the roll after the first three turns were discarded.

Take the five test pieces while unrolling the tape radially at a speed of approximately 300 mm/s, then apply them within 15 seconds in the following manner:

Leave the assembly in the specified atmospheric conditions for 10 minutes.

Unstick about 25 mm of the test piece from the plate in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the test piece. Fix the plate and fold back the free end of the tape at 90°. Apply force in such a manner that the separation line between the tape and the plate is perpendicular to this force and perpendicular to the plate.

Pull to unstick at a speed of 300 mm/s ± 30 mm/s and record the force required.

Class A headlamps: no measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 per cent from the value prescribed in this Regulation.

No measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 per cent from the value prescribed in this Regulation. For values in zone 1 for Classes B, C and D headlamps, the maximum unfavourable deviation may be respectively:

And if for the driving beam a tolerance of +20 per cent for maximum values and -20 per cent for minimum values is observed for the photometric values at any measuring point specified in paragraphs 6.3.3.1. or 6.3.3.2. of this Regulation.

If the results of the tests described above do not meet the requirements, the alignment of the headlamp may be changed, provided that the axis of the beam is not displaced laterally by more than 0.5 degrees to the right or left and not by more than 0.2 degrees up or down.

For Class E headlamps measured at 13.2 V ± 0.1 V, or as otherwise specified, and equipped with:

(a) A removable standard gas-discharge light source according to Regulation No. 99. In this case the luminous flux of this gas-discharge light source may differ from the reference luminous flux specified in Regulation No. 99 and the illuminances shall be corrected accordingly;

(b) A serial production gas-discharge light source and a serial ballast. In this case the luminous flux of this light source may deviate from the nominal luminous flux due to light source and ballast tolerances as specified in Regulation No. 99 and accordingly the measured illuminances may be corrected by 20 per cent in the favourable direction;

No measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 per cent from the value prescribed in this Regulation. For values in zone 1, the maximum unfavourable deviation may be respectively:

255 cd equivalent 20 per cent

380 cd equivalent 30 per cent.

And if, for the driving beam a tolerance of +20 per cent for maximum values and -20 per cent for minimum values is observed for the photometric values at any measuring point specified in paragraphs 6.3.3.1. or 6.3.3.2. of this Regulation.

If the results of the tests described above do not meet the requirements, the alignment of the headlamp may be changed, provided that the axis of the beam is not displaced laterally by more than 0.5 degrees to the right or left and not by more than 0.2 degrees up or down.

If the results of the tests described above do not meet the requirements, tests on the headlamp shall be repeated using another standard gas-discharge light source, a gas-discharge light source and/or ballast, or (an) LED module(s) and electronic light source control gear(s), whatever is applicable according to paragraph 1.3.1. above.

If, however, for a series of samples vertical adjustment cannot be performed repeatedly to the required position within the allowed tolerances, the quality of "cut-off" shall be tested on one of the headlamps from the series of samples, according to the procedure described in Annex 9, paragraphs 2. and 4.

The luminous intensity distribution of the symmetrical passing-beam headlamps shall incorporate a "cut-off" line which enables the symmetrical passing-beam headlamp to be adjusted correctly for the photometric measurements and for the aiming on the vehicle. The characteristics of the "cut-off" line shall comply with the requirements set out in paragraphs 2. to 4. below:

For visual adjustment of the symmetrical passing-beam headlamp the "cut-off" line shall provide a horizontal line for vertical adjustment of the symmetrical passing-beam headlamp extending to either side of the V-V line (see Figure 1) as specified in paragraph 6.2.1. of this Regulation.

Vertical adjustment: after horizontal adjustment of the symmetrical passing-beam headlamp according to paragraph 3.1. above, the vertical adjustment shall be performed in such a way that the beam with its "cut-off" line is moved upwards from the lower position until the "cut-off" line is situated at nominal vertical position.  For nominal vertical adjustment the "cut-off" line is positioned on the V-V line at 1 per cent below the h-h line. 

If the horizontal part is not straight but slightly curved or inclined, the "cut-off" line shall not exceed the vertical range formed by two horizontal lines which are situated from 3° left to 3° right of the V-V line at 0.2° for Class B and 0.3° for Classes A, C, D and E headlamps above and below the nominal position of the "cut-off" (see Figure 1).

When the vertical adjustments of three different individuals differs by more than 0.2° for Class B and 0.3° for Classes  A, C, D and E head lamps, the horizontal part of the "cut-off" line is assumed not to provide sufficient linearity or sharpness for performing visual adjustment.  In this case the quality of "cut-off" shall be tested instrumentally for compliance with requirements as follows. 

Measurements shall be performed by vertically scanning through the horizontal part of the "cut-off" line in angular steps not exceeding 0.05°:

(a) At either a measurement distance of 10 m and a detector with a diameter of approximately 10 mm;

(b) Or at a measurement distance of 25 m and a detector with a diameter of approximately 30 mm.

The measurement of the "cut-off" quality shall be considered acceptable if the requirements of the paragraph 4.1.2. of this annex shall comply with at least one measurement at 10 m or 25 m.

The scanning is performed from its lower position upwards through the "cut-off" line along the vertical lines at −3° to −1.5° and +1.5° to +3° from the V-V line.  When so measured, the quality of the "cut-off" line shall meet the following requirements:

Not more than one "cut-off" line shall be visible[1]. 

Sharpness of "cut-off": if scanned vertically through the horizontal part of the "cut-off" line along the ±2.5 -lines, the maximum value measured for:

G = (log E_V - log E_{(V + 0.1°)} )

is called the sharpness factor G of the "cut-off" line. The value of G shall not be less than 0.13 for Class B and 0.08 for Classes A, C, D and E.

Linearity:  the part of the "cut-off" line which serves for vertical adjustment shall be horizontal from 3°L to 3°R of the V-V line.  This requirement is deemed to be met if the vertical positions of the inflection points according to paragraph 3.2. above at 3° left and right of the V-V line do not differ by more than 0.2° for Class B and 0.3° for Classes A, C, D and E headlamps from the nominal position at the V-V line.

If the "cut-off" line complies with the above quality requirements, the vertical beam adjustment can be performed instrumentally. For this purpose the inflection point where d² (log E) / dv² = 0 is positioned on the V-V line in its nominal position below the h-h-line. The movement for measuring and adjusting the "cut-off" line shall be upwards from below the nominal position.

All samples shall be tested as specified in paragraph 4. below.

The kind of light sources on a LED MODULE shall be light-emitting diodes (LED) as defined in Regulation No. 48 paragraph 2.7.1. in particular with regard to the element of visible radiation. Other kinds of light sources are not permitted.

All samples shall be tested under the conditions as specified in paragraph 6.1.3. of this Regulation. If not specified differently in this annex LED modules shall be tested inside the headlamp as submitted by the manufacturer.

For the measurement of electrical and photometric characteristics, the headlamp shall be operated in dry and still atmosphere at an ambient temperature of 23°C ± 5°C.

Upon the request of the applicant the LED module shall be operated for 48 h and cooled down to ambient temperature before starting the tests as specified in this Regulation.

In addition to measurements as described in paragraph 7. of this Regulation, the minimum red content of the light of a LED module or headlamp incorporating LED module(s) tested at 50 V shall be such that:

A photometric measurement of the headlamp shall be made after 1 minute of operation for the specific function at the test point specified below. For these measurements, the aim can be approximate but must be maintained for before and after ratio measurements.

The lamp shall continue operation until photometric stability has occurred. The moment at which the photometry is stable is defined as the point in time at which the variation of the photometric value is less than 3 per cent within any 15 minute period. After stability has occurred, aim for complete photometry shall be performed in accordance with requirements of specific device. Photometer the lamp at all test points required for the specific device.

Calculate the ratio between the photometric test point value determined in paragraph 4.3.1.1. and the point value determined in paragraph 4.3.1.2.

Once stability of photometry has been achieved, apply the ratio calculated above to each of the remainder of the test points to create a new photometric table that describes the complete photometry based on one minute of operation.

The colour of the light emitted measured after one minute and measured after photometric stability has been obtained, as described in paragraph 4.3.1.2. of this annex, shall both be within the required colour boundaries.

The LED module(s) shall be in the configuration as described in the technical specification as defined in paragraph 2.2.2. of this Regulation. Optical elements (secondary optics) shall be removed by the Technical Service at the request of the applicant by the use of tools. This procedure and the conditions during the measurements as described below shall be described in the test report.

In the case of use of an integrating sphere, the sphere shall have a minimum diameter of one meter, and at least ten times the maximum dimension of the LED module, whichever is the largest. The flux measurements can also be performed by integration using a goniophotometer. The prescriptions in the CIE Publication 84 - 1989, regarding the room temperature, positioning, etc., shall be taken into consideration.

The flux shall be measured after stability has occurred, as explained in paragraph 4.3.1.2. of this annex.