Regulation UN No. 3 (Rev.4)

03 series of amendments to UN Regulation No. 3 (Retroreflecting devices)[1]

Consolidated up to 03 series dated: 15.10.19

Status table
[1] Not requiring changes in the approval number (TRANS/WP.29/815, para. 82). a4c0
...

Regulation

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... 1. Scope a0c0
... 2. Definitions a0c0
... 3. Application for approval a0c0
... 4. Markings a0c0
... 5. Approval a0c0
... 6. General specifications a0c0
... 7. Special specifications (tests) a0c0
... 8. Conformity of production a0c0
... 9. Penalties for non-conformity of production a0c0
... 10. Production definitively discontinued a0c0
... 11. Names and addresses of Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests, and of Type Approval Authorities a0c0
... 12. Transitional provisions a0c0
... Annexes a0c0
... 1 Retro-reflecting devices a0c0
... 2 Communication a0c0
... 3 Examples of approval marks a0c0
... 4 Test procedure - Class IA and Class IIIA a0c0
... 5 Specifications of shape and dimensions a0c0
... Appendix - Retro-reflectors for trailers - Classes IIIA and IIIB a0c0
... 6 Colorimetric specifications a0c0
... 7 Photometric specifications a0c0
... 8 Resistance to external agents a0c0
... 9 Stability in time of the optical properties of retro-reflecting devices a0c0
... 10 Resistance to heat a0c0
... 11 Colour-fastness a0c0
... 12 Chronological order of tests a0c0
... 13 Resistance to impact - Class IVA a0c0
... 14 Test procedure - Class IVA a0c0
... 15 Chronological order of tests for Class IVA a0c0
... 16 Test procedure for Classes IB and IIIB devices a0c0
... 17 Minimum requirements for conformity of production control procedures a0c0
... 18 Minimum requirements for sampling by an inspector a0c0
1. Scope a0c0
... This Regulation applies to retro-reflecting devices[1] for vehicles of categories L, M, N, O, and T[2]. a0c0
[1] Also called "retro-reflector(s)". a0c0
[2] As defined in Annex 7 to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), (document TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.2, para.2. a0c0
2. Definitions[3] a0c0
[3] The definitions of the technical terms (excluding the ones in Regulation No. 48) are those adopted by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE). a0c0
... For the purpose of this Regulation, a0c0
2.1. The definitions given in Regulation No. 48 and its series of amendments in force at the time of application for type approval shall apply to this Regulation. a0c0
2.2. "Retro-reflection " means the reflection in which light is reflected in directions close to the direction from which it came. This property is maintained over wide variations of the illumination angle. a0c0
2.3. "Retro-reflecting optical unit" means a combination of optical components producing retro-reflection. a0c0
2.4. "Retro-reflecting device"[1] means an assembly ready for use and comprising one or more retro-reflecting optical units. a0c0
2.5. "Angle of divergence" means the angle between the straight lines connecting the centre of reference to the centre of the receiver and to the centre of the source of illumination. a0c0
2.6. "Illumination angle" means the angle between the axis of reference and the straight line connecting the centre of reference to the centre of the source of illumination. a0c0
2.7. "Angle of rotation" means the angle through which the retro-reflecting device is rotated about its axis of reference starting from one given position. a0c0
2.8. "Angular diameter of the retro-reflecting device" means the angle subtended by the greatest dimension of the visible area of the illuminating surface, either at the centre of the source of illumination or at the centre of the receiver. a0c0
2.9. "Illumination of the retro-reflecting device" is the abbreviated expression used conventionally to designate the illumination measured in a plane perpendicular to the incident rays and passing through the centre of reference. a0c0
2.10. "Coefficient of luminous intensity (CIL)" means the quotient of the luminous intensity reflected in the direction considered, divided by the illumination of the retro-reflecting device for given angles of illumination, divergence and rotation. a0c0
2.11. The symbols and units used in this Regulation are given in Annex 1 to this Regulation. a0c0
2.12. A type of "retro-reflecting device" is defined by the models and descriptive literature submitted with the application for approval. Retro-reflecting devices can be considered as belonging to the same type if they have one or more "retro-reflecting optical units" which are identical with those of the standard model, or if not identical are symmetrical and suitable for mounting one on the left and one on the right side of the vehicle, and if their other parts differ from those of the standard model only in ways not affecting the properties to which this Regulation applies. a0c0
2.13.

Retro-reflecting devices are divided into three classes according to their photometric characteristics: Class IA or IB, Class IIIA or IIIB and Class IVA.

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2.14.

Retro-reflecting devices of Classes IB and IIIB are devices combined with other signal lamps which are not watertight according to Annex 8, paragraph 1.1., and which are integrated into the body of a vehicle.

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2.15.

"Colour of the reflected light of the device" - The definitions of the colour of the reflected light are given in paragraph 2.30. of Regulation No. 48.

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3. Application for approval a0c0
3.1. The application for approval shall be submitted by the holder of the trade name or mark, or if necessary by his duly accredited representative. a0c0
... At the choice of the applicant, it will specify that the device may be installed on a vehicle with different inclinations of the reference axis in respect to the vehicle reference planes and to the ground or, in the case of Classes IA, IB and IVA retro-reflectors, rotate around its reference axis; these different conditions of installation shall be indicated in the communication form. It shall be accompanied by: a0c0
3.1.1. Drawings, in triplicate, in sufficient detail to permit identification of the type, showing geometrically the position(s) in which the retro-reflecting device may be fitted to the vehicle, and in case of class IB or IIIB-retro-reflectors details of installation. The drawings must show the position intended for the approval number and class indicator in relation to the circle of the approval mark; a0c0
3.1.2. A brief description giving the technical specifications of the materials of which the retro-reflecting optical unit is made; a0c0
3.1.3. Samples of the retro-reflecting device of a colour specified by the manufacturer and, if necessary, the means of fixation; the number of samples to be submitted is specified in Annex 4 to this Regulation; a0c0
3.1.4. If necessary, two samples in other colour(s) for simultaneous or subsequent extension of the approval to devices in other colour(s); a0c0
3.1.5. In the case of devices of Class IVA: samples of the retro-reflecting device and, if necessary, the means of fixation; the number of samples to be submitted is specified in Annex 14 to this Regulation. a0c0
4. Markings a0c0
4.1. Every retro-reflecting device submitted for approval must bear: a0c0
4.1.1. The trade name or mark of the applicant; a0c0
4.1.2. The word "TOP" inscribed horizontally on the highest part of the illuminating surface, if such an indication is necessary to determine without ambiguity the angle or angles of rotation prescribed by the manufacturer. a0c0
4.1.3. On devices with reduced light distribution, in conformity with paragraph 3.2. or 3.4. of Annex 7 to this Regulation, a vertical arrow starting from a horizontal segment and directed downwards. a2c0
4.2. A space of sufficient size to accommodate the approval mark shall be provided on every device. This space shall be shown on the drawings referred to in paragraph 3.1.1. above. a0c0
4.3. The markings must be visible from the outside when the retro-reflecting device is fitted on the vehicle. a0c0
4.4. The markings must be clearly legible and be indelible. a0c0
5. Approval a0c0
5.1. If all the samples submitted meet the requirements of this Regulation, approval shall be granted. a0c0
5.2. If the approval granted in respect of a retro-reflecting device is extended to other such devices differing only in colour, the two samples in any other colour submitted in conformity with paragraph 3.1.4. of this Regulation shall be required to meet only the colorimetric and photometric specifications, the other tests no longer being required. This paragraph is not applicable to devices of Class IVA.. a2c0
5.3. An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved. Its first two digits (at present 02, corresponding to the 02 series of amendments which entered into force on 1 July 1985) shall indicate the series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments made to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval. A Contracting Party shall not assign the same number to another type of retro-reflecting device covered by this Regulation except in the case of an extension of the approval to a device differing only in colour. a0c0
5.4. Notice of approval or of extension or refusal of approval of a type of retro-reflecting device pursuant to this Regulation shall be communicated to the Parties to the Agreement which apply this Regulation, by means of a form conforming to the model in Annex 2 to this Regulation. a0c0
5.5. There shall be affixed to every retro-reflecting device conforming to a type approved under this Regulation, in the space referred to in paragraph 4.2. above and in addition to the markings prescribed in paragraph 4.1. above. a0c0
5.5.1. An international approval mark consisting of: a0c0
5.5.1.1. A circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted approval;[4] a0c0
[4] The distinguishing numbers of the Contracting Parties to the 1958 Agreement are reproduced in Annex 3 to the Consolidated Resolution on the Construction of Vehicles (R.E.3), document ECE/TRANS/WP.29/78/Rev.2/Amend.3 - a0c0
5.5.1.2. An approval number; a0c0
5.5.1.3. A group of symbols IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB or IVA showing the class of the approved retro-reflecting device. a0c0
5.6. When two or more lamps are part of the same unit of grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps (including a retro-reflector), approval is granted only if each of these lamps satisfies the requirements of this Regulation or of another Regulation. Lamps not satisfying any one of those Regulations shall not be part of such a unit of grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps. a0c0
5.6.1. Where grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps comply with the requirements of several Regulations, a single international approval mark may be applied, consisting of a circle surrounding the letter "E" followed by the distinguishing number of the country which has granted the approval, an approval number and, if necessary, the required arrow. This approval mark may be placed anywhere on the grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps provided that: a0c0
5.6.1.1. It is visible after their installation; a0c0
5.6.1.2. No part of the grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps that transmits light can be removed without at the same time removing the approval mark. a0c0
5.6.2. The identification symbol for each lamp appropriate to each Regulation, under which approval has been granted, together with the corresponding series of amendments incorporating the most recent major technical amendments to the Regulation at the time of issue of the approval, shall be marked: a0c0
5.6.2.1. Either on the appropriate light-emitting surface, a0c0
5.6.2.2. Or in a group, in such a way that each lamp of the grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps may be clearly identified (see the possible examples shown in Annex 3). a0c0
5.6.3. The size of the components of a single approval mark shall not be less than the minimum size required for the smallest of the individual marks by a Regulation under which approval has been granted. a0c0
5.6.4. An approval number shall be assigned to each type approved. The same Contracting Party may not assign the same number to another type of grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps covered by this Regulation. a0c0
5.7. The approval mark must be clearly legible and indelible. a0c0
5.8. Annex 3 to this Regulation gives examples of arrangements of approval marks for a single lamp (Figure 1) and for grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps (Figure 2) with all the additional symbols referred to above. a0c0
6. General specifications a0c0
... The requirements contained in sections 5. "General specifications" and 6. "Individual specifications" and in the Annexes referenced in the said sections of Regulations Nos. 48, 53, 74 or 86, and their series of amendments in force at the time of application for the retro-reflecting device type approval shall apply to this Regulation. a3c0
... The requirements pertinent to each retro-reflecting device and to the category/ies of vehicle on which the retro-reflecting device is intended to be installed shall be applied, where its verification at the moment of retro-reflecting device type approval is feasible. a3c0
6.1. Retro-reflecting devices must be so constructed that they function satisfactorily and will continue to do so in normal use. In addition, they must not have any defect in design or manufacture that is detrimental to their efficient operation or to their maintenance in good condition. a0c0
6.2. The components of retro-reflecting devices must not be capable of being easily dismantled. a0c0
6.3. Retro-reflecting optical units may not be replaceable. a0c0
6.4. The outer surface of retro-reflecting devices must be easy to clean. Hence it must not be a rough surface; any protuberances it may exhibit must not prevent easy cleaning. a0c0
6.5. For devices of Class IVA their means of fixation shall be such that they allow a stable and durable connection between the device and the vehicle. a0c0
6.6. There shall be no access to the inner surface of the retro-reflectors when in normal use. a0c0
7. Special specifications (tests) a0c0
7.1.

Retro-reflecting devices must also satisfy the conditions as to dimensions and shape, and the colorimetric, photometric, physical and mechanical requirements set forth in Annexes 5 to 11 and 13 to this Regulation. The test procedures are described in Annex 4 (Classes IA, IIIA), Annex 14 (Class IVA) and Annex 16 (Classes IB, IIIB).

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7.2. Depending on the nature of the materials of which the retro-reflecting devices and, in particular, their optical units, are made, the competent authorities may authorize laboratories to omit certain unnecessary tests, subject to the express reservation that such omission must be mentioned under "Remarks" on the form notifying approval. a0c0
8. Conformity of production a0c0
... The conformity of production procedures shall comply with those set out in the Agreement, Appendix 2 (E/ECE/324-E/ECE/TRANS/505/Rev.2), with the following requirements: a0c0
8.1 Retro-reflectors shall be so manufactured as to conform to the type approved under this Regulation.
The compliance with the requirements set forth in paragraphs 6. and 7. above shall be verified as follows: 		a3c0
8.1.1. The minimum requirements for conformity of production control procedures set forth in Annex 17 to this Regulation shall be complied with. a3c0
8.1.2.

The minimum requirements for sampling by an inspector set forth in Annex 18 to this Regulation shall be complied with.

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8.2. The Type Approval Authority which has granted type approval may at any time verify the conformity control methods applied in each production facility. The normal frequency of these verifications shall be once every two years. a3c0
9. Penalties for non-conformity of production a0c0
9.1. The approval granted for a type of retro-reflecting device may be withdrawn if the requirements are not complied with or if a retro-reflecting device bearing the approval mark does not conform to the type approved. a0c0
9.2. If a Contracting Party to the Agreement applying this Regulation withdraws an approval it has previously granted, it shall forthwith so notify the other Contracting Parties applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 2 to this Regulation. a0c0
10. Production definitively discontinued a0c0
... If the holder of the approval completely ceases to manufacture a type of retro-reflecting device approved in accordance with this Regulation, he shall so inform the Type Approval Authority which granted the approval. Upon receiving the relevant communication, that Authority shall inform thereof the other Parties to the 1958 Agreement applying this Regulation by means of a communication form conforming to the model in Annex 2 to this Regulation. a0c0
11. Names and addresses of Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests, and of Type Approval Authorities a0c0
... The Contracting Parties to the Agreement applying this Regulation shall communicate to the United Nations secretariat the names and addresses of the Technical Services responsible for conducting approval tests and of the Type Approval Authorities which grant approval and to which forms certifying approval or extension or refusal or withdrawal of approval, issued in other countries, are to be sent. a0c0
12. Transitional provisions a0c0
... [DEL] a4c0
12.1. [DEL] a4c0
12.2. [DEL] a4c0
12.3. [DEL] a4c0
12.3.1. [DEL] a4c0
12.3.2. [DEL] a4c0
12.1 As from 24 months after the official date of entry into force of UN Regulation No. 150[2], Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall cease to grant approvals to this Regulation. a4c0
12.2 Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall not refuse to grant extensions of approval to this and any previous series of amendments of this Regulation. a4c0
12.3 Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall continue to grant approvals for devices on basis of this and any previous series of amendments to this Regulation, provided that the devices are intended as replacements for fitting to vehicles in use. a4c0
12.4 Contracting Parties applying this Regulation shall continue to allow fitting or use on a vehicle in use of a device approved to this Regulation as amended by any previous series of amendments, provided that the device is intended for replacement. a4c0
[2] The new UN Regulation on Retro-Reflecting Devices (RRD) (ECE/TRANS/WP.29/2018/159/Rev.1) a4c0
A1  Annex 1 a0c0
A1  Retro-reflecting devices a0c0
A1  Symbols and units a0c0
A1  A = Area of the illuminating surface of the retro-reflecting device (cm2) a0c0
A1  C = Centre of reference a0c0
A1  NC = Axis of reference a0c0
A1  Rr = Receiver, observer or measuring device a0c0
A1  Cr = Centre of receiver a0c0
A1  Ør = Diameter of receiver Rr if circular (cm) a0c0
A1  Se = Source of illumination a0c0
A1  Cs = Centre of source of illumination a0c0
A1  Øs = Diameter of source of illumination (cm) a0c0
A1  De = Distance from centre Cs to centre C (m) a0c0
A1  D'e = Distance from centre Cr to centre C (m) a0c0
A1  Note: In general, De and D'e are very nearly the same and under normal conditions of observation it may be assumed that De = D'e. a0c0
A1  D = Observation distance from and from beyond which the illuminating surface appears to be continuous a0c0
A1  α = Angle of divergence a0c0
A1  β = Illumination angle. With respect to the line CsC which is always considered to be horizontal, this angle is prefixed by the signs - (left), + (right), + (up) or - (down), according to the position of the source Se in relation to the axis NC, as seen when looking towards the retro-reflecting device. For any direction defined by two angles, vertical and horizontal, the vertical angle is always given first. a0c0
A1  γ = Angular diameter of the measuring device Rr as seen from point C a0c0
A1  δ = Angular diameter of the source Se as seen from point C a0c0
A1  ε = Angle of rotation. This angle is positive when the rotation is clockwise as seen when looking towards the illuminating surface. If the retro-reflecting device is marked "TOP", the position thus indicated is taken as the origin. a0c0
A1  E = Illumination of the retro-reflecting device (lux) a0c0
A1  CIL = Coefficient of luminous intensity (millicandelas/lux) a0c0
A1  Angles are expressed in degrees and minutes. a0c0
A1  Retro-reflectors a0c0
A1  Symbols a0c0
A1  a0c0
A1  Elevation a0c0
A2  Annex 2 a0c0
A2  Communication a0c0
A2  (Maximum format: A4 (210 x 297 mm)) a0c0
A2  a0c0
A2  of a type of retro-reflecting device pursuant to Regulation No. 3. a0c0
A2  Approval No.:....................Extension No.:.................... a0c0
A2 1. Trade name or mark of the device: a0c0
A2 2. Manufacturer's name for the type of device: a0c0
A2 3. Manufacturer's name and address: a0c0
A2 4. If applicable, name and address of the manufacturer's representative: a0c0
A2 5. Submitted for approval on: a0c0
A2 6. Technical Service responsible for conducting approval tests: a0c0
A2 7. Date of test report: a0c0
A2 8. Number of test report: a0c0
A2 9. Concise description: a2c0
A2  In isolation/part of an assembly of devices:[2] a2c0
A2  Colour of light emitted: white/red/amber[2] a2c0
A2  Installation as an integral part of a lamp which is integrated into the body of a vehicle: yes/no[2] a2c0
A2  Geometric conditions of installation and relating variations, if any: a2c0
A2  Only for limited mounting height of equal to or less than 750 mm above the ground: yes/no[2] a2c0
A2 10. Position of the approval mark: a0c0
A2 11. Reason(s) for extension (if applicable): a0c0
A2 12. Approval granted/refused/extended/withdrawn:[2] a0c0
A2 13. Place: a0c0
A2 14. Date: a0c0
A2 15. Signature: a0c0
A2 16. The following documents, bearing the approval number shown above, are available on request: a0c0
A2 [1] Distinguishing number of the country which has granted/extended/ refused/withdrawn approval (see approval provisions in the Regulation). a0c0
A2 [2] Strike out what does not apply. a0c0
A3  Annex 3 a0c0
A3  Examples of approval marks a0c0
A3  Figure 1 a2c0
A3  Marking for single lamps a2c0
A3  a2c0
A3  a2c0
A3  a2c0
A3  Note: The above approval number must be placed close to, but in any position in relation to, the circle surrounding the letter "E". The digits constituting the approval number must face the same way as the "E". The group of symbols indicating the class must be diametrically opposite the approval number. The vertical arrow starting from a horizontal segment and directed downwards indicates a permissible mounting height of equal to or less than 750 mm from the ground for this device and can be placed either above or below the circle surrounding the letter "E" or at its side, close to the group of symbols indicating the class or the digits constituting the approval number. The Type Approval Authorities shall avoid using approval numbers IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB and IVA which might be confused with the class symbols IA, IB, IIIA, IIIB and IVA. a2c0
A3  These sketches show various possible arrangements and are given as examples only. a0c0
A3  The above approval mark affixed to a retro-reflecting device shows that the type of device concerned has been approved in the Netherlands (E 4) under approval number 02216. The approval number shows that approval was granted in accordance with the requirements of the Regulation as modified by the 02 series of amendments. a0c0
A3  Figure 2 a0c0
A3  Simplified marking for grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps a0c0
A3  a0c0
A3  a0c0
A3  a0c0
A3  Note: The three examples of approval marks, models D, E and F, represent three possible variants of the marking of a lighting device when two or more lamps are part of the same unit of grouped, combined or reciprocally incorporated lamps. This approval mark shows that the device was approved in the Netherlands (E 4) under approval number 3333 and comprising: a0c0
A3  A retro-reflector of Class IA approved in accordance with the 02 series of amendments to Regulation No. 3; a0c0
A3  A rear direction indicator of category 2a approved in accordance with Regulation No. 6 in its original form; a0c0
A3  A red rear position lamp (R) approved in accordance with the 01 series of amendments to Regulation No. 7; a0c0
A3  A rear fog lamp (F) approved in accordance with Regulation No. 38 in its original form; a0c0
A3  A reversing lamp (AR) approved in accordance with Regulation No. 23 in its original form; a0c0
A3  A stop lamp with two levels of illumination (S2) approved in accordance with the 01 series of amendments to Regulation No. 7. a0c0
A4  Annex 4 a0c0
A4  Test procedure - Class IA and Class IIIA a0c0
A4 1. The applicant shall submit for approval ten samples which shall be tested in the chronological order indicated in Annex 12. a0c0
A4 2.

After verification of the general specifications (paragraph 6. of the Regulation) and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5), the ten samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test described in Annex 10 and at least one hour after this test examined as to their colorimetric characteristics and CIL (Annex 7) for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination angle V = H = 0° or if necessary, in the position defined in Annex 7, paragraphs 4. and 4.1. The two retro-reflecting devices giving the minimum and maximum values shall then be fully tested as shown in Annex 7. These two samples shall be kept by the laboratories for any further checks which may be found necessary. The other eight samples shall be divided into four groups of two:

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A4  First group: a0c0
A4  The two samples shall be subjected successively to the water penetration test (Annex 8, paragraph 1.1.) and then, if this test is satisfactory, to the tests for resistance to fuels and lubricants (Annex 8, paragraphs 3. and 4.). a0c0
A4  Second group: a0c0
A4  The two samples shall, if necessary, be subjected to the corrosion test (Annex 8, paragraph 2.), and then to the abrasive-strength test of the rear face of the retro-reflecting device (Annex 8, paragraph 5.). a0c0
A4  Third group: a0c0
A4  The two samples shall be subjected to the test for stability in time of the optical properties of retro-reflecting device (Annex 9). a0c0
A4  Fourth group: a0c0
A4  The two samples shall be subjected to the colour-fastness test (Annex 11). a0c0
A4 3. After undergoing the tests referred to in the above paragraph, the retro-reflecting devices in each group must have: a0c0
A4 3.1. A colour which satisfies the conditions laid down in Annex 6. This shall be verified by a qualitative method and, in case of doubt, confirmed by a quantitative method. a0c0
A4 3.2.

A CIL which satisfies the conditions laid down in Annex 7. The verification shall be performed only for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination angle of V = H = 0° or, if necessary, in the position specified in Annex 7, paragraphs 4. and 4.1.

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A5  Annex 5 a0c0
A5  Specifications of shape and dimensions a0c0
A5 1. Shape and dimensions of retro-reflecting devices in Class IA or IB a1c0
A5 1.1. The shape of the illuminating surfaces shall not be easily confused with a triangle at normal observation distances. a1c0
A5 1.2. [DEL] a1c0
A5 2. Shape and dimensions of retro-reflecting devices in Classes IIIA and IIIB (see appendix to this annex) a0c0
A5 2.1. The illuminating surfaces of retro-reflecting devices in Classes IIIA and IIIB must have the shape or an equilateral triangle. If the word "TOP" is inscribed in one corner, the apex of that corner must be directed upwards. a0c0
A5 2.2. The illuminating surface may or may not have at its centre a triangular, non-retro-reflecting area, with sides parallel to those of the outer triangle. a0c0
A5 2.3. The illuminating surface may or may not be continuous. In any case, the shortest distance between two adjacent retro-reflecting optical units must not exceed 15 mm. a0c0
A5 2.4. The illuminating surface of a retro-reflecting device shall be considered to be continuous if the edges of the illuminating surfaces of adjacent separate optical units are parallel and if the said optical units are evenly distributed over the whole solid surface of the triangle. a0c0
A5 2.5. If the illuminated surface is not continuous, the number of separate retro-reflecting optical units including the corner units shall not be less than four on each side of the triangle. a0c0
A5 2.5.1. The separate retro-reflecting optical units shall not be replaceable unless they consist of approved retro-reflecting devices in Class IA. a0c0
A5 2.6. The outside edges of the illuminating surfaces of triangular retro-reflecting devices in Classes IIIA and IIIB shall be between 150 and 200 mm long. In the case of devices of hollow-triangle type, the width of the sides, measured at right angles to the latter, shall be equal to at least 20 per cent of the effective length between the extremities of the illuminating surface. a0c0
A5 3. Shape and dimensions of retro-reflecting devices in Class IVA a0c0
A5 3.1. The shape of the light emitting surfaces shall not be easily confused with a triangle at normal observation distances. a1c0
A5 3.2.

The light emitting surface of the retro-reflecting device must be at least 25 cm2.

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A5 4. Compliance with the above specifications shall be verified by visual inspection. a0c0
A5  Annex 5 - Appendix a0c0
A5  Retro-reflectors for trailers - Classes IIIA and IIIB a0c0
A5  a0c0
A5  Note: These sketches are for illustration purposes only. a0c0
A6  Annex 6 a0c0
A6  Colorimetric specifications a0c0
A6 1. These specifications shall apply only to clear, red or amber retro-reflecting devices. a0c0
A6 1.1. Retro-reflecting devices may consist of a combined retro-reflecting optical unit and filter, which must be so designed that they cannot be separated under normal conditions of use. a0c0
A6 1.2. The colouring of retro-reflecting optical units and filters by means of paint or varnish is not permitted. a0c0
A6 2.

When the retro-reflecting device is illuminated by CIE standard illuminant A, with an angle of divergence of 1/3 degrees and an illumination angle of V = H = 0 degree, or, if this produces a colourless surface reflection, an angle V = +/- 5 degrees, H = 0 degree, the trichromatic coordinates of the reflected luminous flux must be within the limits according to paragraph 2.30. of Regulation No. 48.

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A6 3. Clear retro-reflecting devices must not produce a selective reflection, that is to say, the trichromatic coordinates "x" and "y" of the standard illuminant "A" used to illuminate the retro-reflecting device must not undergo a change of more than 0.01 after reflection by the retro-reflecting device. a0c0
A7  Annex 7 a0c0
A7  Photometric specifications a0c0
A7 1.

When applying for approval, the applicant shall specify one or more or a range of axis of reference, corresponding to the illumination angle V = H = 0° in the table of coefficients of luminous intensity (CIL).

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A7  In the case where more than one or a range of different axis of reference are specified by the manufacturer, the photometric measurements shall be repeated making reference each time to a different axis of reference or to the extreme axis of reference of the range specified by the manufacturer. a0c0
A7 2. For photometric measurements, only the illuminating surface defined by the planes contiguous to the outermost parts of the optical system of the retro-reflecting device as indicated by the manufacturer and contained within a circle of 200 mm diameter for Class IA or IB shall be considered, and the illuminating surface itself shall be limited to 100 cm2 though the surfaces of the retro-reflecting optical units need not necessarily attain this area. The manufacturer shall specify the perimeter of the area to be used. In the case of Class IIIA, Class IIIB and Class IVA, the whole of the illuminating surfaces shall be considered without limitation as to size. a0c0
A7 3. CIL values a0c0
A7 3.1. Class IA, Class IB, Class IIIA and Class IIIB a0c0
A7 3.1.1. The CIL values for red retro-reflecting devices must be at least equal to those in the table below, expressed in millicandelas per lux, for the angles of divergence and illumination shown. a0c0
A7  a0c0
A7  CIL values lower than those shown in the last two columns of the above table are not permissible within the solid angle having the reference centre as its apex and bounded by the planes intersecting along the following lines: a0c0
A7 

(V = ±10°, H = 0°) (V = ±5°, H = ±20°).

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A7 3.1.2. CIL values for amber retro-reflecting devices in Class IA or IB must be at least equal to those in the table of paragraph 3.1.1. above multiplied by the coefficient 2.5. a0c0
A7 3.1.3. CIL values for colourless retro-reflecting devices in Class IA or IB must be at least equal to those in the table of paragraph 3.1.1. above multiplied by the coefficient 4. a0c0
A7 3.2.

However, in the case where a retro-reflecting device of Class IA, Class IB, Class IIIA or Class IIIB is intended to be installed with its H plane at a mounting height less than 750 mm above the ground, the CIL values are verified only up to an angle of 5° downwards.

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A7 3.3. For devices of Class IVA the CIL values must be at least equal to those in the table below, expressed in millicandelas per lux, for the angles of divergence and illumination shown. a0c0
A7  a0c0
A7 3.4.

However, in the case where a retro-reflecting device of Class IVA is intended to be installed with its H plane at a mounting height less than 750 mm above the ground, the CIL values are verified only up to an angle of 5° downwards.

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A7 4.

When the CIL of a retro-reflecting device is measured for an angle β of V = H = 0°, it shall be ascertained whether any mirror effect is produced by slightly turning the device. If there is any such effect, a reading shall be taken with an angle β of V = ±5°, H = 0°. The position adopted shall be that corresponding to the minimum CIL for one of these positions.

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A7 4.1.

With an illumination angle β of V = H = 0°, or the angle specified in paragraph 4. above, and an angle of divergence of 20', retro-reflecting devices which are not marked "TOP" shall be rotated about their axes of reference to the position of minimum CIL, which must conform to the value specified in paragraph 3. above. When the CIL is measured for the other angles of illumination and divergence, the retro-reflecting device shall be placed in the position corresponding to this value of ε. If the specified values are not attained, the device may be rotated about its axis of reference ±5° from that position.

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A7 4.2.

With an illumination angle β of V = H = 0°, or the angle specified in paragraph 4. above, and an angle of divergence of 20', retro-reflecting devices marked "TOP" shall be rotated about their axes ±5°. The CIL must not fall below the prescribed value in any position assumed by the device during this rotation.

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A7 4.3.

If for the direction V = H = 0°, and for ε = 0° the CIL exceeds the specified value by 50 per cent or more, all measurements for all angles of illumination and divergence shall be made for ε = 0°.

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A8  Annex 8 a0c0
A8  Resistance to external agents a0c0
A8 1. Resistance to water and dirt penetration a0c0
A8 1.1. Water submersion test a0c0
A8 1.1.1.

Retro-reflecting devices whether part of a lamp or not, shall be stripped of all removable parts and immersed for 10 minutes in water at a temperature of 50 ± 5 °C, the highest point of the upper part of the illuminating surface being 20 mm below the surface of the water. This test shall be repeated after turning the retro-reflecting device through 180°, so that the illuminating surface is at the bottom and the rear face is covered by about 20 mm of water. These optical units shall then be immediately immersed in the same conditions in water at a temperature of 25 ± 5 °C.

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A8 1.1.2. No water shall penetrate to the reflecting surface of the retro-reflecting optical unit. If visual inspection clearly reveals the presence of water, the device shall not be considered to have passed the test. a0c0
A8 1.1.3.

If visual inspection does not reveal the presence of water or in case of doubt, the CIL shall be measured by the method described in Annex 4, paragraph 3.2., or Annex 14, paragraph 4.2., the retro-reflecting device being first lightly shaken to remove excess water from the outside.

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A8 1.2. Alternative test procedure for Classes IB and IIIB devices a0c0
A8  As an alternative, at the request of the manufacturer, the following test (moisture and dust test) shall be applied instead of the submersion-test specified in paragraph 1.1. above. a0c0
A8 1.2.1. Moisture test a0c0
A8  The test evaluates the ability of the sample device to resist moisture penetration from a water spray and determines the drainage capability of those devices with drain holes or other exposed openings in the device. a0c0
A8 1.2.1.1. Water spray test equipment a0c0
A8  A water spray cabinet with the following characteristics shall be used: a0c0
A8 1.2.1.1.1. Cabinet a0c0
A8 

The cabinet shall be equipped with a nozzle(s) which provides a solid cone water spray of sufficient angle to completely cover the sample device. The centreline of the nozzle(s) shall be directed downward at an angle of 45°± 5° to the vertical axis of a rotating test platform.

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A8 1.2.1.1.2. Rotating test platform a0c0
A8  The rotating test platform shall have a minimum diameter of 140 mm and rotate about a vertical axis in the centre of the cabinet. a0c0
A8 1.2.1.1.3. Precipitation rate a0c0
A8  The precipitation rate of the water spray at the device shall be 2.5 (+1.6/-0) mm/min as measured with a vertical cylindrical collector centred on the vertical axis of the rotating test platform. The height of the collector shall be 100 mm and the inside diameter shall be a minimum of 140 mm. a0c0
A8 1.2.1.2. Water spray test procedure a0c0
A8  A sample device mounted on a test fixture, with initial CIL measured and recorded shall be subjected to a water spray as follows: a0c0
A8 1.2.1.2.1. Device openings a0c0
A8  All drain holes and other openings shall remain open. Drain wicks, when used, shall be tested in the device. a0c0
A8 1.2.1.2.2. Rotational speed a0c0
A8 

The device shall be rotated about its vertical axis at a rate of 4.0 ± 0.5 min -1.

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A8 1.2.1.2.3.

If the retro-reflector is reciprocally incorporated or grouped with signalling or lighting functions, these functions shall be operated at design voltage according to a cycle of 5 min ON (in flashing mode, where appropriate), 55 min OFF.

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A8 1.2.1.2.4. Test duration a0c0
A8  The water spray test shall last 12 hours (12 cycles of 5/55 min). a0c0
A8 1.2.1.2.5. Drain period a0c0
A8  The rotation and the water spray shall be turned OFF and the device allowed to drain for 1 hour with the cabinet door closed. a0c0
A8 1.2.1.2.6. Sample evaluation a0c0
A8  Upon completion of the drain period. The interior of the device shall be observed for moisture accumulation. No standing pool of water shall be allowed to be formed, or which can be formed by tapping or tilting the device. The CIL shall be measured according to the method specified in Annex 4 paragraph 3.2. after having dried the exterior of the device with a dry cotton cloth. a0c0
A8 1.2.2. Dust exposure test a0c0
A8  This test evaluates the ability of the sample device to resist dust penetration which could significantly affect the photometric output of the retro-reflector. a0c0
A8 1.2.2.1. Dust exposure test equipment a0c0
A8  The following equipment shall be used to test for dust exposure: a0c0
A8 1.2.2.1.1. Dust exposure test chamber a0c0
A8  The interior of the test chamber shall be cubical in shape in size 0.9 to 1.5 m per side. The bottom may be "hopper shaped" to aid in collecting the dust. The internal chamber volume, not including a "hopper shaped" bottom shall be 2 m3 maximum and shall be charged with 3 to 5 kg of the test dust. The chamber shall have the capability of agitating the test dust by means of compressed air or blower fans in such a way that the dust is diffused throughout the chamber. a0c0
A8 1.2.2.1.2. The dust a0c0
A8  The test dust used shall be fine powdered cement in accordance with standard ASTM C 150-84.[*] a0c0
A8 [*] American Society for Testing and Materials a0c0
A8 1.2.2.2. Dust exposure test procedure a0c0
A8  A sample device, mounted on a test fixture, with the initial CIL measured and recorded, shall be exposed to dust as follows: a0c0
A8 1.2.2.2.1. Device openings a0c0
A8  All drain holes and other openings shall remain open. Drain wicks, when used, shall be tested in the device. a0c0
A8 1.2.2.2.2. Dust exposure a0c0
A8 

The mounted device shall be placed in the dust chamber no closer than 150 mm from a wall. Devices with a length exceeding 600 mm shall be horizontally centred in the test chamber. The test dust shall be agitated as completely as possible by compressed air or blower(s) at intervals of 15 min for a period of 2 to 15 s for the duration of 5 hours. The dust shall be allowed to settle between the agitation periods.

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A8 1.2.2.2.3. Measured sample evaluation a0c0
A8  Upon completion of the dust exposure test, the exterior of the device shall be cleaned and dried with a dry cotton cloth and the CIL measured according to the method specified in Annex 4, paragraph 3.2. a0c0
A8 2. Resistance to corrosion a0c0
A8 2.1. Retro-reflecting devices must be so designed that they retain the prescribed photometric and colorimetric characteristics despite the humidity and corrosive influences to which they are normally exposed. The resistance of the front surface to tarnishing and of the protection of the rear face to deterioration shall be checked, particularly when an essential metal component seems liable to be attacked. a0c0
A8 2.2. The retro-reflecting device, or the lamp if the device is combined with a light, shall be stripped of all removable parts and subjected to the action of a saline mist for a period of 50 hours, comprising two periods of exposure of 24 hours each, separated by an interval of two hours during which the sample is allowed to dry. a0c0
A8 2.3.

The saline mist shall be produced by atomizing, at a temperature of 35 °C ± 2 °C, a saline solution obtained by dissolving 20 ± 2 parts by weight of sodium chloride in 80 parts of distilled water containing not more than 0.02 per cent of impurities.

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A8 2.4. Immediately after completion of the test, the sample must not show signs of excessive corrosion liable to impair the efficiency of the device. a0c0
A8 3. Resistance to fuels a0c0
A8  The outer surface of the retro-reflecting device and, in particular, of the illuminating surface, shall be lightly wiped with a cotton cloth soaked in a mixture of 70 vol. per cent of n-heptane and 30 vol. per cent of toluol. After about five minutes, the surface shall be inspected visually. It must not show any apparent surface changes, except that slight surface cracks will not be objected to. a0c0
A8 4. Resistance to lubricating oils a0c0
A8  The outer surface of the retro-reflecting device and, in particular, the illuminating surface, shall be lightly wiped with a cotton cloth soaked in a detergent lubricating oil. After about 5 minutes, the surface shall be cleaned. The CIL shall then be measured (Annex 4, paragraph 3.2. or Annex 14, paragraph 4.2.). a0c0
A8 5. Resistance of the accessible rear face of mirror-backed retro-reflecting devices a0c0
A8 5.1. After having brushed the rear face of the retro-reflecting device with a hard nylon brush, a cotton cloth soaked in the mixture, defined in paragraph 3. Above shall be applied to the said rear face for one minute. The cotton cloth is then removed and the retro-reflecting device left to dry. a0c0
A8 5.2. As soon as evaporation is completed, an abrasion test shall be made by brushing the rear face with the same nylon brush as before. a0c0
A8 5.3. The CIL shall then be measured (Annex 4, paragraph 3.2. or Annex 14, paragraph 4.2.) after the whole surface of the mirror-backed rear face has been covered with Indian ink. a0c0
A9  Annex 9 a0c0
A9  Stability in time of the optical properties[1] of retro-reflecting devices a0c0
A9 [1] Despite the importance of tests to check the stability in time of the optical properties of retro-reflecting devices, it is in the present state of the art not yet possible to assess this stability by laboratory tests of limited duration. a0c0
A9 1. The Type Approval Authority which granted approval shall have the right to check the stability in time of the optical properties of a type of retro-reflecting device in service. a0c0
A9 2. The competent authorities of countries other than the country in which approval was granted may carry out similar checks in their territory. If a type of retro-reflector in use exhibits a systematic defect, the said authorities shall transmit any components removed for examination to the Type Approval Authority which granted approval, with a request for its opinion. a0c0
A9 3. In the absence of other criteria, the concept of "systematic defect" of a type of retro-reflector in use shall be interpreted in conformity with the intention of paragraph 6.1. of this Regulation. a0c0
A10  Annex 10 a0c0
A10  Resistance to heat a0c0
A10 1.

The retro-reflecting device shall be kept for 48 consecutive hours in a dry atmosphere at a temperature of 65 °C ± 2 °C.

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A10 2. After this test, no cracking or appreciable distortion of the retro-reflecting device and, in particular, of its optical component must be visible. a0c0
A11  Annex 11 a0c0
A11  Colour-fastness[1] a0c0
A11 [1] Despite the importance of tests to check the colour-fastness of retro-reflecting devices, it is in the present state of the art not yet possible to assess colour-fastness by laboratory tests of limited duration. a0c0
A11 1. The Type Approval Authority which granted approval shall have the right to check the colour-fastness of a type of retro-reflecting device in service. a0c0
A11 2. The competent authorities of countries other than the country in which approval was granted may carry out similar checks in their territory. If a type of retro-reflector in use exhibits a systematic defect, the said authorities shall transmit any components removed for examination to the Type Approval Authority which granted approval, with a request for its opinion. a0c0
A11 3. In the absence of other criteria, the concept "systematic defect" of a type of retro-reflector in use shall be interpreted in conformity with the intention of paragraph 9.1. of this Regulation. a0c0
A12  Annex 12 a0c0
A12  Chronological order of tests a0c0
A12  a0c0
A12  a0c0
A13  Annex 13 a0c0
A13  Resistance to impact - Class IVA a0c0
A13 1. The retro-reflecting device shall be mounted in a manner similar to the way in which it is mounted on the vehicle, but with the lens faced horizontal and directed upwards. a0c0
A13 2. Drop a 13 mm diameter polished solid steel ball, once, vertically onto the central part of the lens from a height of 0.76 m. The ball may be guided but not restricted in free fall. a0c0
A13 3. When a retro-reflecting device is tested at room temperature with this method, the lens shall not crack. a0c0
A14  Annex 14 a0c0
A14  Test procedure - Class IVA a0c0
A14 1. The applicant shall submit for approval ten samples which shall be tested in the chronological order indicated in Annex 15. a0c0
A14 2.

After verification of the specifications in paragraphs 6.1. to 6.5. of this Regulation and the specifications of shape and dimensions (Annex 5), the ten samples shall be subjected to the heat resistance test (Annex 10) and one hour minimum after this test examined as to their colorimetric characteristics and CIL (Annex 7) for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination angle V = H = 0° or, if necessary, in the positions defined in Annex 7. The two retro-reflecting devices giving the minimum and maximum values shall then be fully tested as shown in Annex 7. These two samples shall be kept by the laboratories for any further checks which may be found necessary.

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A14 3. Four samples out of the remaining eight samples shall be selected at random and divided into two groups of two in each group. a0c0
A14  First group: a0c0
A14  The two samples shall be subjected successively to the water-penetration resistance test (Annex 8, paragraph 1.) and then, if this test is satisfactory, to the tests for resistance to fuels and lubricating oils (Annex 8, paragraphs 3. and 4.). a0c0
A14  Second group: a0c0
A14 

The two samples shall, if relevant, be subjected to the corrosion test (Annex 8, paragraph 2.), and then to the abrasive-strength test of the rear face of the retro-reflecting device (Annex 8, paragraph 5.). These two samples shall also be subjected to the impact test (Annex 13).

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A14 4. After undergoing the tests referred to in the above paragraph, the retro-reflecting devices in each group must have: a0c0
A14 4.1. A colour which satisfies the conditions laid down in Annex 6. This shall be verified by a qualitative method and, in case of doubt, confirmed by a quantitative method; a0c0
A14 4.2.

A CIL which satisfies the conditions laid down in Annex 7. Verification shall be performed only for an angle of divergence of 20' and an illumination angle of V = H = 0° or, if necessary, in the positions specified in Annex 7.

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A14 5. The four remaining samples can be utilized, if necessary, for any other purpose. a0c0
A15  Annex 15 a0c0
A15  Chronological order of tests for Class IVA a0c0
A15  a0c0
A15  a0c0
A16  Annex 16 a0c0
A16  Test procedure for Classes IB and IIIB devices a0c0
A16 

Retro-reflecting devices of Classes IB and IIIB shall be tested according to the test procedures specified in Annex 4, following the chronological order of tests given in Annex 12, with the exception of the test according to Annex 8, paragraph 1., which for Classes IB and IIIB devices may be replaced by the test specified in Annex 8, paragraph 1.2.

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A17  Annex 17 a0c0
A17  Minimum requirements for conformity of production control procedures a0c0
A17 1. General a0c0
A17 1.1. The conformity requirements shall be considered satisfied from a mechanical and geometric standpoint, if the differences do not exceed inevitable manufacturing deviations within the requirements of this Regulation. a0c0
A17 1.2. With respect to photometric performances, the conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall not be contested if, when testing photometric performances of any retro-reflector chosen at random no measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 per cent from the minimum values prescribed in this Regulation. a0c0
A17 1.3. The chromaticity coordinates shall be complied with. a0c0
A17 2. Minimum requirements for verification of conformity by the manufacturer a0c0
A17  For each type of retro-reflector the holder of the approval mark shall carry out at least the following tests, at appropriate intervals. The tests shall be carried out in accordance with the provisions of this Regulation. a0c0
A17  If any sampling shows non-conformity with regard to the type of test concerned, further samples shall be taken and tested. The manufacturer shall take steps to ensure the conformity of the production concerned. a0c0
A17 2.1. Nature of tests a0c0
A17  Tests of conformity in this Regulation shall cover the photometric and colorimetric characteristics and the resistance to penetration of water. a0c0
A17 2.2. Methods used in tests a0c0
A17 2.2.1. Tests shall generally be carried out in accordance with the methods set out in this Regulation. a0c0
A17 2.2.2. In any test of conformity carried out by the manufacturer, equivalent methods may be used with the consent of the Type Approval Authority. The manufacturer is responsible for proving that the applied methods are equivalent to those laid down in this Regulation. a0c0
A17 2.2.3. The application of paragraphs 2.2.1. and 2.2.2. above requires regular calibration of test apparatus and its correlation with measurements made by a competent authority. a0c0
A17 2.2.4. In all cases the reference methods shall be those of this Regulation, particularly for the purpose of administrative verification and sampling. a0c0
A17 2.3. Nature of sampling a0c0
A17  Samples of retro-reflectors shall be selected at random from the production of a uniform batch. A uniform batch means a set of retro-reflectors of the same type, defined according to the production methods of the manufacturer. a0c0
A17  The assessment shall in general cover series production from individual factories. However, a manufacturer may group together records concerning the same type from several factories, provided these operate under the same quality system and quality management. a0c0
A17 2.4. Measured and recorded photometric characteristics a0c0
A17  The sampled retro-reflector shall be subjected to photometric measurements at the points and the chromaticity coordinates provided for in the Regulation. a0c0
A17 2.5. Criteria governing acceptability a0c0
A17  The manufacturer is responsible for carrying out a statistical study of the test results and for defining, in agreement with the Type Approval Authority, criteria governing the acceptability of his products in order to meet the specifications laid down for the verification of conformity of products in paragraph 8.1. of this Regulation. a0c0
A17  The criteria governing the acceptability shall be such that, with a confidence level of 95 per cent, the minimum probability of passing a spot check in accordance with Annex 18 (first sampling) would be 0.95. a0c0
A18  Annex 18 a0c0
A18  Minimum requirements for sampling by an inspector a0c0
A18 1. General a0c0
A18 1.1. The conformity requirements shall be considered satisfied from a mechanical and a geometric standpoint, in accordance with the requirements of this Regulation, if any, if the differences do not exceed inevitable manufacturing deviations. a0c0
A18 1.2. With respect to photometric performance, the conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall not be contested if, when testing photometric performances of any retro-reflector chosen at random: a0c0
A18 1.2.1. No measured value deviates unfavourably by more than 20 per cent from the minimum values prescribed in this Regulation. a0c0
A18 1.2.2. Retro-reflectors with apparent defects are disregarded. a0c0
A18 1.3. The chromaticity coordinates shall be complied with. a0c0
A18 2. First sampling #probably mistake. It has been introduced as Annex 6 a3c0
A18  In the first sampling four retro-reflectors are selected at random. The first sample of two is marked A, the second sample of two is marked B. a3c0
A18 2.1. The conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall not be contested if the deviation of any specimen of samples A and B (all four retro-reflectors) is not more than 20 per cent.
In the case, that the deviation of both retro-reflectors of sample A is not more than 0 per cent, the measurement can be closed. 		a3c0
A18 2.1.1. [DEL] a3c0
A18 2.1.1.1. [DEL] a3c0
A18 2.1.1.2. [DEL] a3c0
A18 2.2. The conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall be contested if the deviation of at least one specimen of samples A or B is more than 20 per cent.
The manufacturer shall be requested to bring his production in line with the requirements (alignment) and a repeated sampling according to paragraph 3. below shall be carried out within two months' time after the notification. The samples A and B shall be retained by the Technical Service until the entire CoP process is finished. 		a3c0
A18 2.2.1. [DEL] a3c0
A18 2.2.1.1. [DEL] a3c0
A18 2.2.1.2. [DEL] a3c0
A18 2.3. [DEL] a3c0
A18 2.3.1. [DEL] a3c0
A18 2.3.2. [DEL] a3c0
A18 3. First repeated sampling
A sample of four retro-reflectors is selected at random from stock manufactured after alignment.
The first sample of two is marked C, the second sample of two is marked D. 		a3c0
A18 3.1. The conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall not be contested if the deviation of any specimen of samples C and D (all four retro-reflectors) is not more than 20 per cent.
In the case, that the deviation of both retro-reflectors of sample C is not more than 0 per cent, the measurement can be closed.
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A18 3.1.1. [DEL] a3c0
A18 3.1.1.1. [DEL] a3c0
A18 3.1.1.2. [DEL] a3c0
A18 3.2. The conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall be contested if the deviation of at least a3c0
A18 3.2.1. One specimen of samples C or D is more than 20 per cent but the deviation of all specimen of these samples is not more than 30 per cent.
The manufacturer shall be requested again to bring his production in line with the requirements (alignment).
A second repeated sampling according to paragraph 4. below shall be carried out within two months' time after the notification. The samples C and D shall be retained by the Technical Service until the entire CoP process is finished. 		a3c0
A18 3.2.1.1. [DEL] a3c0
A18 3.2.2. One specimen of samples C and D is more than 30 per cent.
In this case the approval shall be withdrawn and paragraph 5. below shall be applied. 		a3c0
A18 3.3.1. [DEL] a3c0
A18 3.3.2. [DEL] a3c0
A18 4. Second repeated sampling
A sample of four retro-reflectors is selected at random from stock manufactured after alignment.
The first sample of two is marked E, the second sample of two is marked F. 		a3c0
A18 4.1 The conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall not be contested if the deviation of any specimen of samples E and F (all four retro-reflectors) is not more than 20 per cent. In the case, that the deviation of both retro-reflectors of sample E is not more than 0 per cent the measurement can be closed. a3c0
A18 4.2 The conformity of mass-produced retro-reflectors shall be contested if the deviation of at least one specimen of samples E or F is more than 20 per cent.
In this case the approval shall be withdrawn and paragraph 5 below shall be applied. 		a3c0
A18 5. Approval withdrawn
Approval shall be withdrawn according to paragraph 9. of this Regulation. 		a3c0
A18 6. Resistance to penetration of water
With respect to the verification of the resistance to penetration of water, the following procedure shall be applied:
One of the retro-reflectors of sample A, after sampling procedure in Paragraph 2. of this Annex, shall be tested according to the procedure described in paragraph 1. of Annex 8 respectively paragraph 3. of Annex 14 for class IVA reflectors.
The retro-reflectors shall be considered as acceptable if the test has been passed.
However, if the test on sample A is not complied with, the two retro reflectors of sample B shall be subjected to the same procedure and both shall pass the test. 		a3c0
A18  [DEL] a3c0